Effect of Using Command and Cooperative Methods In Teaching Handball Skills to Preparatory School Students in Thi Qar Governorate 2023-2024

Abstract

Backgroud:  Many countries have begun attempting to modernize their educational systems with the implementation of modern teaching and instruction methods more effective in achieving educational outcomes. The development has been linked to the increasing influence of educational technology, which has led to the emergence of alternative teaching methods that are more in line with the characteristics of learners, their abilities and potential. These are designed to enhance the learning process and the quality of the final learning products. The significance of this research is to carry out the identification of the effectiveness of the implementation of the learning process in handball using the various learning methods and to identify the contribution of the various learning methods in acquiring basic skills in the learning process in handball.

Methods: The researcher chose the experimental method, which was found to be suitable for the nature and purpose of the research, as it involved two separate and equivalent groups. The research subjects were middle school students in Grade 4, 5 and 6 in both scientific and literary sections, academic year 2023-2024. A total of 267 students participated in the study. The subjects of the research were fourth grade students of literature in the purposive sampling of two classes. Class (A) was instructed by the command method while class (B) with the cooperative method. The researcher was using a sample size of sixty-four (64) students for the two classes, of which thirty-two (32) students were in the first class and thirty-two (32) students in the second class, for the field experiment.

Results: The results showed that both the command and cooperative teaching methods had a positive effect on learning some basic handball skills. The cooperative approach was more effective than command approach in acquiring basic handball skills under study especially in catching, passing and receiving the ball. From these results, the researcher suggests that the command method and the cooperative method be used to improve the learning process.

Conclusions: The researcher also highlights the need to pay more attention to the cooperative approach in the instruction of selected basic handball skills because of its positive role in the improvement of students' learning and performance of skills.