Designing a Test to Evaluate Effective Defensive Skills Among Female Basketball Players
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66968/pejuangKeywords:
Testing, Measurement, Test Designing, Defensive Skills, BasketballAbstract
This study aims to help coaches and researchers measure level of defensive performance among players. The researcher used a descriptive approach, test was administered to a sample of 20 junior players from Al-Taawon Sports Club, representing a single group, test included four main criteria: ability to block shots, ball possession, anticipation and response, and defensive positioning. A specific scoring system was used to classify performance into excellent, good, average, and weak defense. The test was designed to allow for an objective and scientific evaluation of players, enabling coaches to identify each player's strengths and weaknesses, thus contributing to systematic and organized improvement of defensive performance. Results showed that test is a practical and effective tool for developing players' defensive skills and motor abilities, enhancing their ability to participate effectively in matches and training. It can also be used to plan future training sessions according to individual needs of each player, contributing to raising overall level of team. The findings indicate that the majority of players fall into the “very good” and “good” performance categories, with the highest average score achieved in the areas of blocking and defensive positioning (4.0), while the area of anticipation and response had the lowest average score (3.8).
References
Barfield, J.-P., Johnson, R. J., Russo, P., & Cobler, D. C. (2007). Reliability and validity of the performance index evaluation among men’s and women’s college basketball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(2), 643–645. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-19045.1
Cao, S., Liu, J., Wang, Z., & Geok, S. K. (2024). The effects of functional training on physical fitness and skill-related performance among basketball players: a systematic review. Frontiers in Physiology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2024.1391394
Erčulj, F., Blas, M., & Bračič, M. (2010). Physical demands on young elite European female basketball players with special reference to speed, agility, explosive strength, and take-off power. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(11), 2970–2978. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e38107
Florence, E., Linus, H., Siegfried, N., & Christoffer, K. (2026). Physical activity participation in wheelchair sports groups: analysis of individual, interpersonal and club-related characteristics among individuals with physical disabilities. Sport Sciences for Health, 22(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-026-01883-7
Hassan, A. N., & Ubaid, A. A. (2021). Design and standardization of a test to measure physical–skill complex defensive performance among advanced basketball players. Journal of Sports Education , 14(2).
Hatem, A. A., Folle, A., Maciel, L. F. P., Do Nascimento, R. K., Das Neves Salles, W., & Do Nascimento, J. V. (2020). Technical-tactical performance in basketball: Evaluation of gaming actions according to specific positions. Motriz. Revista de Educacao Fisica, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742020000110200174
Ibáñez, S. J., Martinez-Fernández, S., Gonzalez-Espinosa, S., García-Rubio, J., & Feu, S. (2019). Designing and Validating a Basketball Learning and Performance Assessment Instrument (BALPAI). Frontiers in Psychology, 10(JULY). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01595
Kokstejn, J., & Musalek, M. (2019). The relationship between fundamental motor skills and game specific skills in elite young soccer players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 19, 249–254. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2019.s1037
Kokstejn, J., Musalek, M., Wolanski, P., Murawska-Cialowicz, E., & Stastny, P. (2019). Fundamental motor skills mediate the relationship between physical fitness and soccer-specific motor skills in young soccer players. Frontiers in Physiology, 10(MAY). https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00596
Nieto-Acevedo, R., Alonso-Pérez-Chao, E., Reyes-Mora, A., Gallardo Marmol, F., Cabarkapa, D., & Calvo, J. L. (2026). Neuromuscular Assessment in Elite Female Basketball Players: A Systematic Review and Future Directions. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 16(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/app16115413
Nurharini, A., Sumilah, & Yuyarti. (2019). Animated Video Media: Motoric Skills In Dance Lesson. 2019 5th International Conference on Education and Technology (ICET), 102–107. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET48172.2019.8987223
Patterson, J., Talpey, S. W., O’Grady, M., & Rayner, R. (2025). Evaluating the impact of contextual variables on jump shot success in professional basketball: a notational analysis approach. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 25(3), 515–527. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2024.2427453
Popowczak, M., Domaradzki, J., Horička, P., & Koźlenia, D. (2026). Impact of selected cognitive abilities on the level of offensive and defensive skills in female basketball players: a pilot study. Human Movement, 27(1), 124–134. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm/217433
Qarouach, A., Matulaitis, K., Butautas, R., & Conte, D. (2025). Impact of Playing Middle and Side Pick-and-Roll Actions With Aggressive and Containing Defensive Strategies on Workload During Small-Sided Games in Male Basketball Players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 20(4), 575–581. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2024-0325
Qarouach, A., Sansone, P., Pernigoni, M., Kreivyte, R., & Conte, D. (2024). Inside the Defensive Playbook: Pick-and-Roll Tactical Adjustments Impact the External and Internal Loads During Small-Sided Games in Female Basketball Players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 19(12), 1367–1373. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2024-0218
RoleCatcher. (2024). Assessment of athletic performance [Guide for evaluating athletic performance]. Retrieved from rolecatcher.com.
Smith, J., et al. (2020). Reliable measurement in sport psychology: case of performance outcome measures. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 45(3).
Suárez-Iglesias, D., Dehesa, R., Scanlan, A. T., Rodríguez-Marroyo, J. A., & Vaquera, A. (2021). Defensive strategy and player sex impact heart-rate responses during games-based drills in professional basketball. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 16(3), 360–366. https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSPP.2019-0736
Tanay , D. (2023). effect of basketball performance tests on skill selection and talent identification. International Journal of Sports Testing , 6(1).
Thajeel, E. K., & Yousef, R. T. (2022). Effect of TPS strategy in teaching basketball defensive skills in female students of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. Sport TK, 11. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.509491
Vencúrik, T., Knjaz, D., Rupčić, T., Sporiš, G., & Li, F. (2021). Kinematic analysis of 2-point and 3-point jump shot of elite young male and female basketball players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030934
Zhang, S., Zhang, J., & Zhou, X. (2022). Design and Development of Smart Wearable Products for Basketball Dribble Teaching Training Posture Monitoring. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2222081
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Weaam Amer Abdullah (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.












